Choosing your A-levels

Keeping your options open

If you have no fixed ideas about the career or higher education you would like to pursue the following ‘facilitating’ A-levels are good choices for keeping your options open:
  • Mathematics and Further Mathematics
  • English (Literature)
  • Physics
  • Biology
  • Chemistry
  • Geography
  • History
  • Languages (Classical and Modern)

Good A-level subject combinations

The Russell Group of 20 leading UK universities has published its first ever guide to post-16 subject choices.  Informed Choices, produced in collaboration with the Institute of Career Guidance, is aimed at all students considering A-level and equivalent options. It includes advice on the best subject combinations for a wide range of university courses as well as advice on the best choices if you don’t know what you want to study after school and need to keep your options open. Part of it is reproduced below. If you have already chosen your A-levels and want to see a list of some of the degree courses for which they are a requirement click here.  

Degree course

Required A-levels

Useful A-levels

Accountancy
 
Usually none although one or two universities require Mathematics Mathematics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma), and Economics
Actuarial Science/Studies
Mathematics Further Mathematics, Economics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma)
Aeronautical Engineering
Mathematics and Physics Further Mathematics, Design Technology
American Studies
Requirements vary but English and/or History are often asked for Politics
Anthropology
None A small number of courses like a science AS-level such as Biology. Sociology is also very relevant
Archaeology
None Geography, History or science subjects can all be useful
Architecture
Some courses say they want an arts/science mix. Some may require Art Art, Mathematics, Design Technology and Physics. AGCE or National Art and Design may also be useful at some universities. Do note that a portfolio of drawings and ideas may be asked for
Art and Design
Art or Design Technology including AGCE/National (to give you the  portfolio to get onto an Art Foundation Course, though sometimes AGCE/National Art and Design applicants go straight onto a degree) Design Technology, Art & Design. Do note that most entrants onto Art and Design degrees will have done a one-year Art Foundation Course after completing year 13
Banking
Usually none although one or two universities require Mathematics Mathematics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma), and Economics
Biochemistry
Always Chemistry and some degrees will say you must have Biology as well, while some will say Chemistry plus one from Mathematics/Physics/Biology. Doing Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics or Physics will keep all Biochemistry courses open to you Biology, Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Physics
Biology
Biology, Chemistry Mathematics or Physics
Biomedical Sciences
Normally two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics. Chemistry is essential for some courses Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics
Biomedical Materials Science
Normally two from Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Biology (also Design Technology for some universities) Chemistry, Design and Technology, Further Mathematics
Business Studies
None Mathematics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma) and Economics
Chemical Engineering
Chemistry and Mathematics and sometimes Physics as well Physics, Biology, Further Mathematics
Chemistry
Chemistry and occasionally Mathematics. Most courses require Chemistry and would like Mathematics and one other science subject (for example, Physics or Biology) Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Physics, Biology
Childhood Studies
None CACHE, Psychology, Sociology, AGCE/National/Diploma Health and Social Care
Classical Studies
For Classics courses Latin or Ancient Greek are required. For Classical Studies and Classical Civilisation courses most subjects will be considered Modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Classical Civilisation. Do note that there are some Classics courses which will allow you to start Latin and/or Classical Greek from scratch
Communication Studies
A few courses ask for English or Media Studies. English, Media Studies, Sociology, Psychology
Computing
For some courses, Mathematics Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Computing, Physics, Philosophy, ICT
Dentistry
Chemistry and Biology for most courses, but some require Mathematics or Physics as well Mathematics, Physics, Further Mathematics
Dietetics
Chemistry, Biology Mathematics
Drama
Some courses require English Literature and for a few courses English and/or Theatre Studies English Literature, English Literature and Language, Theatre Studies
Earth Sciences
Usually two from Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology Geography, Geology
Economics
Usually Mathematics Economics
Education
See Teacher Training
Electrical/Electronic Engineering
Mathematics, Physics Further Mathematics, ICT and Design Technology
Engineering (General)
Mathematics and Physics Further Mathematics and Design Technology
English
English Literature or combined English Language & Literature (some courses will accept English Language) History, Religious Studies, a foreign language
Environmental Science/Studies
Many courses will ask for two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics and Geography Another facilitating subject, particularly a science
European Studies
A modern foreign language Another modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Politics
Finance
Usually none although one or two universities require Mathematics Mathematics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma), and Economics
French
French Another modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Politics
Geography
Most degrees require Geography Some Geography BSc (science) degrees prefer one from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics or Physics
Geology
Usually two from Mathematics, Physics Chemistry and Biology Geography, Geology
German
German (a handful of universities offer the opportunity to study German from scratch, without German A-level) Another modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Politics
History
Most degrees require History Economics, English Literature, Philosophy, Politics, Sociology, Theology/ Religious Studies, a modern or classical language
History of Art
None Art, English Literature, History, Theology/Religious Studies, French, German, Spanish, Italian
Italian
Italian or another language such as French, German or Spanish Another modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Politics
Law
Usually none, although a few universities require English History; other facilitating subjects. There really are no essential subjects for Law. Maybe one choice should involve essay / report writing. History gives you good relevant skills for Law but is not essential
Management Studies
Sometimes Mathematics Mathematics, Economics, Business Studies (AGCE, National and Diploma)
Materials Science
Normally two from Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Biology (also Design Technology for some universities) Chemistry, Design and Technology, Further Mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics and sometimes Further Mathematics Further Mathematics, Physics
Mechanical Engineering
Mathematics, Physics Further Mathematics, Design Technology. Mechanical Engineering departments may have a preference for Mathematics A-levels with a strong mechanics component
Media Studies
A few courses ask for English or Media Studies English, Media Studies, Sociology, Psychology
Medical Science
Normally two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics. Chemistry is essential for some courses Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics
Medicine
If you do Chemistry, Biology and one from Mathematics or Physics you will keep all the medical schools open to you. If you do Chemistry and Biology you will keep open the vast majority. If you do Chemistry and one from Mathematics and Physics you will limit your range of choices much more Further Mathematics or a contrasting (non-science) subject
Midwifery
Usually Biology or another science Biology, CACHE, Sociology, Psychology, Chemistry
Music
For most traditional courses, Music and Grade VII/VIII Some universities have a preference for at least one essay-based subject
Nursing
Usually Biology or another science. Biology, CACHE, Sociology, Psychology, Chemistry.
Occupational Therapy
Some courses ask for Biology Psychology, Physical Education, Sociology or another science
Optometry (Opthalmic Optics)
Two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics or Physics (some courses prefer Biology as one of the choices) Further Mathematics
Orthoptics
Biology Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics
Pharmacy
Chemistry and one from Biology, Mathematics and Physics keeps the vast majority of courses open to you. Some courses like to see Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics. Doing Chemistry and Biology keeps most courses open Mathematics, Physics
Philosophy
None Mathematics, Classical Civilisations, Philosophy and Religious Studies/Theology
Physical Education
Many courses want to see one from Biology/Chemistry/Mathematics/Physics (some courses will treat Physical Education as a science equivalent) Physical Education, Psychology
Physics
Mathematics, Physics Further Mathematics, Chemistry
Physiotherapy
Most courses will consider you with just Biology, however some also require a second science from Chemistry, Mathematics or Physics Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Psychology
Politics
None Politics, History, Philosophy, Law, Sociology
Psychology
A few courses ask for one from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics Biology, Mathematics, Psychology, Sociology
Religious Studies
None Religious Studies/Theology, Philosophy, English Literature, History
Sociology
None Sociology, Psychology, Geography
Spanish
Spanish (some degrees will also consider French, German or Italian) Another modern foreign language, English Literature, History, Politics
Speech Therapy
Some degrees want a science such as Biology, Chemistry or Physics. Some specify Biology, but some degrees will consider candidates with none of these A modern foreign language (for example, French, German, Spanish, Italian), English Language (and Literature), Psychology.
Sports Science
Many courses want to see one from Biology/Chemistry/Mathematics/Physics (some courses will treat Physical Education as a science equivalent) Physical Education, Psychology
Surveying
None For some types of Surveying i.e. Building Surveying, Mathematics and Physics could be helpful. For Estate Management (General Practice Surveying) most A-level combinations will be considered
Teacher Training (Primary and/or Secondary)
At least one from Art, Biology, CACHE, Chemistry, Design and Technology, Drama (Theatre Studies), English, French, Geography, German, History, ICT, Italian, Mathematics, Music, Physics, Physical Education, Religious Studies (Theology), Spanish. CACHE meets the entry requirements for early years Primary Teaching and a large number of Primary Education Teacher Training Degrees Another of the subjects listed above
Theology
None Religious Studies/Theology, Philosophy, English Literature, History
Veterinary Science
You should do Chemistry and Biology and one from Mathematics/Physics so that you have all universities open to you Further Mathematics

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